ISO 10816-21:2015
Mechanical vibration - Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts - Part 21: Horizontal axis wind turbines with gearbox

Standard No.

ISO 10816-21:2015

Release Date

2015

Published By

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Latest

ISO 10816-21:2015

Scope

This part of ISO 10816 specifies the measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration of wind turbines and their components by taking measurements on non-rotating parts. It applies to horizontal axis wind turbines with mechanical gearbox and rated generator output exceeding 200 kW and the following design and operational characteristics: a) installation on supporting systems (tower and foundation) made of steel and/or concrete; c) rotor bearing separate from or integrated into the gearbox; e) generators of the synchronous or asynchronous type (mostly equipped with 4-pole generator); b) horizontal axis rotor with several rotor blades; d) generators driven via gearbox; f) generators with only a fixed pole number or which are pole-changeable for speed adjustment; g) output control by rotor blades (pitch or stall wind turbines); h) generator coupled to the power grid via converter or directly. This part of ISO 10816 recommends zones for evaluating the vibration at continuous load operation. However, in most cases, these evaluation zone boundaries might not be suitable for the early detection of faults. This part of ISO 10816 does not specify vibration values for the zone boundaries because there are insufficient data available for the complete range of wind turbines in the worldwide fleet covered by this part of ISO 10816. However, for information only, Annex A presents evaluation zone boundaries for onshore wind turbines. These zone boundaries are based on vibration data from about 1000 wind turbines with rated generator output up to 3 MW. They can be helpful in facilitating discussion between users and manufacturers. Evaluation zone boundaries for offshore wind turbines are not yet available. Although the type and implementation of broad-band vibration monitoring for wind turbines is addressed, this part of ISO 10816 does not apply to diagnostics or fault detection by condition monitoring of wind turbines. NOTE 1 Information on condition monitoring and diagnostics of wind turbines will be given in ISO 16079 (all parts)1). The evaluation of the balance quality of the slowly turning wind turbine rotor, which requires special measurements and analysis, is not covered by this part of ISO 10816. This part of ISO 10816 does not apply to the evaluation of torsional vibration in the drive train. Although coupled lateral and torsional vibration of tower and drive train can affect the amplitudes of the defined vibration characteristics, diagnosis of this kind of vibration source is not feasible by the described measurement methods described in this part of ISO 10816. For general design verification purposes and 1) To be published.  1  for specific fault diagnosis, special measurements are required which are beyond the scope of this part NOTE 2 IEC/TS 61400–13 describes load measurement by use of strain gauges on the supporting structure and blades. Techniques to assist the detection of rolling element bearing and gearbox defects can be found in ISO 13373-2. Measurement and evaluation of structure-borne noise with rolling element bearings are given in VDI 3832. This part of ISO 10816 does not also apply to acceptance measurements on gearboxes and generators in the manufacturer’s test facility. NOTE 3 These are assessed on the basis of appropriate standards namely ISO 8579-2 and IEC 60034–14.

ISO 10816-21:2015 Referenced Document

• DIN 4150-3:1999 Vibration in buildings - Part 3: Effects on structures
• IEC 60034-14:2003 Rotating electrical machines - Part 14: Mechanical vibration of certain machines with shaft heights 56 mm and higher; Measurement, evaluation and limits of vibration severity
• IEC 60050-415:1999 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Part 415: Wind turbine generator systems
• IEC 61400-4:2012 Wind turbines - Part 4: Design requirements for wind turbine gearboxes
• ISO 13372:2012 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines - Vocabulary
• ISO 13373-1:2002 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines - Vibration condition monitoring - Part 1: General procedures
• ISO 13373-2:2005 Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines - Vibration condition monitoring - Part 2: Processing, analysis and presentation of vibration data
• ISO 2041:2009 Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring - Vocabulary
• ISO 2631-1:1997 Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration - Part 1: General requirements
• ISO 2954:2012 Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery - Requirements for instruments for measuring vibration severity
• ISO 4866:2010 Mechanical vibration and shock - Vibration of fixed structures - Guidelines for the measurement of vibrations and evaluation of their effects on structures
• ISO 5348:1998 Mechanical vibration and shock - Mechanical mounting of accelerometers
• ISO 8041:2005 Human response to vibration - Measuring instrumentation
• ISO 8579-2:1993 Acceptance code for gears; part 2: determination of mechanical vibrations of gear units during acceptance testing

ISO 10816-21:2015 history

• 2015 ISO 10816-21:2015 Mechanical vibration - Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts - Part 21: Horizontal axis wind turbines with gearbox