ASTM D4646-16
Standard Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments

Standard No.

ASTM D4646-16

Release Date

2016

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Status

Be replaced

Replace By

ASTM D4646-16(2023)

Latest

ASTM D4646-16(2023)

Scope

5.1 This test method is meant to allow for a rapid (24 h) index of a geomedia's sorption affinity for given solutes in environmental waters or leachates. A large number of samples may be run in parallel using this test method to determine a comparative ranking of those samples, based upon the amount of solute sorbed by the geomedia, or by various geomedia or leachate constituents. The 24-h time is used to make the test convenient and also to minimize microbial, light, or hydrolytic degradation which may be a problem in longer-timed procedures. While K_d values are directly applicable for screening and comparative ranking purposes, their use in predictive field applications generally requires the assumption that K_d be a fixed value.

5.2 While this test method may be useful in determining 24-h K_d values for nonvolatile organic constituents, interlaboratory testing has been carried out only for the nonvolatile inorganic species, arsenic and cadmium (see Section 12). However, the procedure has been tested for single laboratory precision with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and is believed to be useful for all stable and nonvolatile inorganic, and organic constituents. This test method is not considered appropriate for volatile constituents.

5.3 The 24-h time limit may be sufficient to reach a steady-state K_d; however, the calculated K_d value should be considered a non-equilibrium measurement unless steady-state has been determined. To report this determination as a steady-state K_d, this test method should be conducted for intermediate times (for example, 12, 18, and 22 h) to ensure that the soluble concentrations in the solution have reached a steady state by 24 h. If a test duration of greater than 24 h is required, refer to Test Method D4319 for an alternate procedure of longer duration.

1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the sorption affinity of waste solutes by unconsolidated geologic material in aqueous suspension. The waste solute may be derived from a variety of sources such as wells, underdrain systems, or laboratory solutions such as those produced by waste extraction tests like the Test Method D3987

ASTM D4646-16 Referenced Document

• ASTM D1193 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
• ASTM D2216 Standard Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
• ASTM D3987 Standard Test Method for Shake Extraction of Solid Waste with Water
• ASTM D4319 Standard Test Method for Distribution Ratios by the Short-Term Batch Method (Withdrawn 2007)
• ASTM D5681 Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
• ASTM E11 Standard Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
• ASTM E2551 Standard Test Methods for Humidity Calibration (or Conformation) of Humidity Generators for Use with Thermogravimetric Analyzers

ASTM D4646-16 history

• 2023 ASTM D4646-16(2023) Standard Test Method for 24 h Batch-Type Measurement of Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments
• 2016 ASTM D4646-16 Standard Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments
• 2003 ASTM D4646-03(2008) Standard Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments
• 2003 ASTM D4646-03 Standard Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments
• 1987 ASTM D4646-87(2001) Standard Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments
• 2001 ASTM D4646-87(1993) Standard Test Method for 24-h Batch-Type Measurement of Contaminant Sorption by Soils and Sediments