ASTM E105-16
Standard Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
- Standard No.
- ASTM E105-16
- Release Date
- 2016
- Published By
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- Status
- Replace By
- ASTM E105-21
- Latest
- ASTM E105-21
- Scope
4.1 The purpose of the sample may be to estimate properties of a larger population, such as a lot, pile or shipment, the percentage of some constituent, the fraction of the items that fail to meet (or meet) a specified requirement, the average characteristic or quality of an item, the total weight of the shipment, or the probable maximum or minimum content of, say, some chemical.
4.2 The purpose may be the rational disposition of a lot or shipment without the intermediate step of the formation of an estimate.
4.3 The purpose may be to provide aid toward rational action concerning the production process that generated the lot, pile or shipment.
4.4 Whatever the purpose of the sample, adhering to the principles of probability sampling will allow the uncertainties, such as bias and variance of estimates or the risks of the rational disposition or action, to be calculated objectively and validly from the theory of combinatorial probabilities. This assumes, of course, that the sampling operations themselves were carried out properly, as well. For example, that any random numbers required were generated properly, the units to be sampled from were correctly identified, located, and drawn, and the measurements were made with measurement error at a level not exceeding the required purposes.
4.5 Determination of bias and variance and of risks can be calculated when the selection was only partially determined by random numbers and a frame, but they then require suppositions and assumptions which may be more or less mistaken or require additional data which may introduce experimental error.
1.1 This practice is primarily a statement of principles for the guidance of ASTM technical committees and others in the preparation of a sampling plan for a specific material.
ASTM E105-16 Referenced Document
- ASTM E122 Standard Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for Characteristic of a Lot or Process
- ASTM E1402 Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling
- ASTM E141 Standard Practice for Acceptance of Evidence Based on the Results of Probability Sampling
- ASTM E300 Standard Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
- ASTM E456 Standard Terminology for Relating to Quality and Statistics
ASTM E105-16 history
- 2021 ASTM E105-21 Standard Guide for Probability Sampling of Materials
- 2016 ASTM E105-16 Standard Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
- 2010 ASTM E105-10 Standard Practice for Probability Sampling Of Materials
- 2004 ASTM E105-04 Standard Practice for Probability Sampling Of Materials
- 1958 ASTM E105-58(1996) Standard Practice for Probability Sampling Of Materials
