5.1 These test methods are used to determine the in-place density of compacted materials in construction of earth embankments, road fills, and structure backfill. For construction control, these test methods are often used as the bases for acceptance of material compacted to a specified density or to a percentage of a maximum unit weight determined by a standard laboratory test method (such as determined from Test Method D698 or D1557), subject to the limitations discussed in 1.4.
5.2 These test methods can be used to determine the in-place density of natural soil deposits, aggregates, soil mixtures, or other similar material.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of these test methods are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable testing depends on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the in-place density of soil and rock using a pouring device and calibrated sand to determine the volume of a test pit. The word “rock” in these test methods is used to imply that the material being tested will typically contain particles larger than 3 in. [75 mm].
1.2 These test methods are best suited for test pits with a volume from 0.03 to 0.17 m3 [1 to 6 ft3]. In general, the materials tested would have a maximum particle size of 75 to 125 mm [3 to 5 in.].
1.2.1 For larger sized excavations and soil containing larger particles, Test Method D5030 is preferred.
1.2.2 Test Method D1556 or D2167 are usually used to determine the volume of test holes smaller than 0.03 m3 [1 ft3]. While the equipment illustrated in these test methods is used for volumes less than 0.03 m3 [1 ft3], the test methods allow larger versions of the equipment to be used when necessary.
1.3 Two test methods are provided as follows:
1.3.1 Test Method A—In-Place Density of Total Material (Section 10).
1.3.2 Test Method B—In-Place Density of Control Fraction (Section 11).