This guideline applies to towing trains with unbraked trailers in internal use, where tractors or other power-driven industrial trucks are used as tractors. Driverless transport systems are excluded, as these are usually designed on a project-specific basis and operate without staff.*www.vdi.de/3973
VDI 3973-1990 Referenced Document
DIN 15170:1987 Industrial trucks; trailer couplings; connecting dimensions, requirements, testing
DIN 15172:1988 Powered industrial trucks; tractors and other trucks used for hauling trailers; traction force, trailer load
VDI 2197-1983 Type chart; trucks and traction devices
VDI 2198-1980 Design sheet for industrial trucks; fork lift trucks
VDI 3313-1982 Fahrerausweis fuer motorisch angetriebene Flurfoerderzeuge nach DIN 15140 im innerbetrieblichen Werkverkehr mit Dienstanweisung fuer Fahrer von motorisch angetriebenen Flurfoerderzeugen
VDI 3973-1990 history
2018VDI 3973-2018 Kraftbetriebene Flurfoerderzeuge - Schleppzuege mit ungebremsten Anhaengern
2016VDI 3973-2016 Industrial trucks - Tractors with trailers without brakes
1990VDI 3973-1990 Industrial trucks; tractors with trailers without brakes
1988VDI 3973-1988 Industrial trucks; tractors with trailers without brakes