ASTM D7248/D7248M-12
Standard Test Method for Bearing/Bypass Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates Using 2-Fastener Specimens
- Standard No.
- ASTM D7248/D7248M-12
- Release Date
- 2012
- Published By
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- Status
- Replace By
- ASTM D7248/D7248M-12(2017)
- Latest
- ASTM D7248/D7248M-23
- Scope
This test method is designed to produce bearing/bypass interaction response data for research and development, and for structural design and analysis. The standard configuration for each procedure is very specific and is intended as a baseline configuration for developing structural design data.
Procedure A, the bypass/high bearing double-shear configuration is recommended for developing data for specific applications which involve double shear joints.
Procedure B, the bypass/high bearing single-shear configuration is more useful in the evaluation of typical joint configurations. The specimen may be tested in either an unstabilized (no support fixture) or stabilized configuration. The unstabilized configuration is intended for tensile loading and the stabilized configuration is intended for compressive loading. These configurations, particularly the stabilized configuration, have been extensively used in the development of design allowables data. The variants of either procedure provide flexibility in the conduct of the test, allowing adaptation of the test setup to a specific application. However, the flexibility of test parameters allowed by the variants makes meaningful comparison between datasets difficult if the datasets were not tested using identical test parameters.
Procedure C, the bypass/low bearing double-shear hardpoint configuration is recommended for determining the effect of low bearing stress levels on bypass strength. While a similar single-shear configuration could be tested, there is insufficient experience with a single-shear configuration to recommend its use at this time.
General factors that influence the mechanical response of composite laminates and should therefore be reported include the following: material, methods of material preparation and lay-up, specimen stacking sequence, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment and gripping, speed of testing, time held at test temperature, void content, and volume percent reinforcement.
Specific factors that influence the bearing/bypass interaction response of composite laminates and should therefore be reported include not only the loading method (either Procedure A or B) and loading type (tension or compression) but the following (for both procedures): edge distance ratio, width to diameter ratio, diameter to thickness ratio, fastener torque, fastener or pin material, fastener or pin clearance; and (for Procedure B only) countersink angle and depth of countersink, type of grommet (if used), type of mating material, and type of support fixture (if used). Properties, in the test direction, which may be obtained from this test method include the following:
Filled hole tensile bearing/bypass strength.
Filled hole compressive bearing/bypass strength.
Bearing stress/bypass strain curve.
1.1 This test method determines the uniaxial bearing/bypass interaction response of multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers by either double-shear tensile loading (Procedures A and C) or single-shear tensile or compressive loading (Procedure B) of a two-fastener specimen. The scope of this test method is limited to net section (bypass) failure modes. Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for each procedure. A number of test parameters may be varied within the scope of the standard, provided that the parameters are fully documented in the test report. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test ......
ASTM D7248/D7248M-12 Referenced Document
- ASTM D2584 Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced Resins
- ASTM D2734 Standard Test Methods for Void Content of Reinforced Plastics
- ASTM D3171 Standard Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite Materials
- ASTM D3878 Standard Terminology Composite Materials
- ASTM D5229/D5229M Standard Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
- ASTM D5687/D5687M Standard Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
- ASTM D5766/D5766M Standard Test Method for Open Hole Tensile Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
- ASTM D5961/D5961M Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
- ASTM D6484/D6484M Standard Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
- ASTM D6742/D6742M Standard Practice for Filled-Hole Tension and Compression Testing of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
- ASTM D792 Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
- ASTM D883 Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
- ASTM E122 Standard Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for Characteristic of a Lot or Process
- ASTM E1237 Standard Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
- ASTM E1309 Standard Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases
- ASTM E1434 Standard Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases
- ASTM E177 Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
- ASTM E251 Standard Test Methods for Performance Characteristics of Metallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
- ASTM E4 Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
- ASTM E456 Standard Terminology for Relating to Quality and Statistics
- ASTM E6 Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
- ASTM E83 Standard Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer
ASTM D7248/D7248M-12 history
- 2023 ASTM D7248/D7248M-23 Standard Test Method for High Bearing - Low Bypass Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates Using 2-Fastener Specimens
- 2021 ASTM D7248/D7248M-21 Standard Test Method for High Bearing - Low Bypass Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates Using 2-Fastener Specimens
- 2017 ASTM D7248/D7248M-12(2017) Standard Test Method for Bearing/Bypass Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates Using 2-Fastener Specimens
- 2012 ASTM D7248/D7248M-12 Standard Test Method for Bearing/Bypass Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates Using 2-Fastener Specimens
- 2008 ASTM D7248/D7248M-08 Standard Test Method for Bearing/Bypass Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates Using 2-Fastener Specimens
- 2007 ASTM D7248/D7248M-07 Standard Test Method for Bearing/Bypass Interaction Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates Using 2-Fastener Specimens
