This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the gross calorific value of a solid biofuel at constant volume and at the reference temperature 25 ℃ in a bomb calorimeter calibrated by combustion of certified benzoic acid. The result obtained is the gross calorific value of the analysis sample at constant volume with all the water of the combustion products as liquid water. In practice, biofuels are burned at constant (atmospheric) pressure and the water is either not condensed (removed as vapour with the flue gases) or condensed. Under both conditions, the operative heat of combustion to be used is the net calorific value of the fuel at constant pressure. The net calorific value at constant volume may also be used; formulae are given for calculating both values. General principles and procedures for the calibrations and the biofuel experiments are presented in the main text, whereas those pertaining to the use of a particular type of calorimetric instrument are described in Annexes A to C. Annex D contains checklists for performing calibration and fuel experiments using specified types of calorimeters. Annex E gives examples to illustrate some of the calculations.
EN 14918:2009 Referenced Document
EN 14774-3:2009 Solid biofuels - Determination of moisture content - Oven dry method - Part 3: Moisture in general analysis sample
EN ISO 10304-1:2009 Water quality - Determination of dissolved anions by liquid chromatography of ions - Part 1: Determination of bromide, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and sulfate (ISO 10304-1:2007)
ISO 1770:1981 Solid-stem general purpose thermometers
ISO 1771:1981 Enclosed-scale general purpose thermometers