ASTM D1971-02(2006)
Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
- Standard No.
- ASTM D1971-02(2006)
- Release Date
- 2002
- Published By
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- Status
- Replace By
- ASTM D1971-11
- Latest
- ASTM D1971-16(2021)e1
- Scope
The determination of metals in water often requires the measurement of total (suspended and dissolved) metals as well as soluble (dissolved) metals. In such cases, consistent and dependable digestion procedures must be used so that data derived for the total metals content is reliable.
The practices given are applicable to a wide variety of sample types for the purpose of preparing a sample for metals analyses by atomic absorption spectrophotometry or plasma emission spectroscopy (see Test Methods D 1976
, D 3919 , D 4691 , and D 4190 ) or plasma-mass spectrometry (See Test Method D 5673 ) and have been shown to give good recovery in the following matrices: industrial effluents; waste water treatment plant influents, sludges, dewatered sludges, and effluents; river and lake waters; and plant and animal tissues. Elements which have shown good recovery include: copper, nickel, lead, zinc, cadmium, iron, manganese, magnesium, and calcium. 4.2.1 Good recovery for the indicated sample types and metals may not be achieved at all times due to each samplersquo;unique characteristics. Users must always validate the practice for their particular samples.
The analytical results achieved after applying these practices cannot necessarily be deemed as a measure of bioavailable or environmentally available elements.
These three practices may not give the same recovery when applied to the same sample, nor will they necessarily give the same results as achieved using other digestion techniques. An alternate digestion technique is Practice D 4309
. 1.1 Most atomic absorption and plasma emission spectroscopy, and plasma-mass spectrometric test methods require that the metals of interest be dissolved in a liquid phase before being introduced into the spectrophotometer. These practices describe digestion or dissolution procedures whereby analyte metals associated with the solid fraction of a sample can be brought into solution for subsequent analysis. The following practices are included:
Sections Practice A-Digestion with Mineral Acids and Elevated Pressure 8 through 13 Practice B-Digestion with Mineral Acids and Heating at Atmospheric Pressure 14 through 19 Practice C-In-bottle digestion with Mineral Acids 20 through 25 1.2 These practices have been demonstrated to be applicable to a wide variety of sample types and sample matrices, and in many cases, will give complete dissolution of the analyte metals of interest. They are by no means the only digestion procedures available.
1.3 The user of these practices should be cautioned that these practices may not completely dissolve all portions of a sample''s solid phase and may not give complete recovery of the desired analyte metals. In these cases, other digestion techniques are available that will effect complete dissolution of a sample. It is the user''s responsibility to ensure the validity of these practices for use on their particular sample matrix, for their metals of interest.
1.4 This practice assumes that the criteria established in Guide D 3856 can be met.
1.5 These digestion procedures have been selected for their wide application, low cost, and ease of use.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Specific hazard statements are......
ASTM D1971-02(2006) Referenced Document
- ASTM D1068 Standard Test Methods for Iron in Water
- ASTM D1129 Standard Terminology Relating to Water
- ASTM D1192 Standard Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam in Closed Conduits
- ASTM D1193 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
- ASTM D1687 Standard Test Methods for Chromium in Water
- ASTM D1688 Standard Test Methods for Copper in Water
- ASTM D1691 Standard Test Methods for Zinc in Water
- ASTM D1886 Standard Test Methods for Nickel in Water
- ASTM D1976 Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively-Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
- ASTM D3370 Standard Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
- ASTM D3372 Standard Test Method for Molybdenum in Water
- ASTM D3557 Standard Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
- ASTM D3558 Standard Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
- ASTM D3559 Standard Test Methods for Lead in Water
- ASTM D3645 Standard Test Methods for Beryllium in Water
- ASTM D3856 Standard Guide for Good Laboratory Practices in Laboratories Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Water
- ASTM D3866 Standard Test Methods for Silver in Water
- ASTM D3919 Standard Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
- ASTM D4190 Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
- ASTM D4191 Standard Test Method for Sodium in Water by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
- ASTM D4192 Standard Test Method for Potassium in Water by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
- ASTM D4309 Standard Practice for Sample Digestion Using Closed Vessel Microwave Heating Technique for the Determination of Total Metals in Water
- ASTM D4691 Standard Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
- ASTM D511 Standard Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In Water
- ASTM D5673 Standard Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma8212;Mass Spectrometry
- ASTM D857 Standard Test Method for Aluminum in Water
- ASTM D858 Standard Test Methods for Manganese in Water
ASTM D1971-02(2006) history
- 2021 ASTM D1971-16(2021)e1 Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
- 2016 ASTM D1971-16 Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
- 2011 ASTM D1971-11 Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
- 2002 ASTM D1971-02(2006) Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
- 2002 ASTM D1971-02 Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
- 2002 ASTM D1971-95 Standard Practices for Digestion of Water Samples for Determination of Metals by Flame Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption, Plasma Emission Spectroscopy, or Plasma Mass Spectrometry
