CIE 112-1994
Glare Evaluation System for Use Within Outdoor Sports and Area Lighting (E)

Standard No.

CIE 112-1994

Release Date

1994

Published By

International Commission on Illumination (CIE)

Latest

CIE 112-1994

Scope

The quality of most lighting installations can be expressed in terms of average lighting levels, uniformities and glare restriction. There has not, until now, been a generally accepted glare evaluation system for outdoor areas. The glare concepts, "threshold increment Tl" and "glare control mark G", commonly used in road lighting for motorised traffic [1], cannot be applied directly for area lighting. This is because the direction of view of observers is variable and not fixed; the lighting points are not necessarily positioned in regular line arrays; and the mounting heights and lighting levels are often outside the ranges for which the road lighting concepts have validity. The degree to which a lighting installation causes glare depends upon the luminous intensity distribution and aiming of the luminaires, their number, their arrangement and mounting height and on the brightness of the illuminated area. This report describes and recommends for practical use, a glare evaluation system that takes into account all the above factors. The system is based on extensive field tests and has shown its applicability in different installations of adequate uniformity due to common specifications. The validity of the system is restricted to viewing directions below eye level. It is assumed that the problem of intolerable glare experienced, when looking up and straight into a luminaire, is kept to a minimum by paying careful attention to the siting of the luminaires relative to the main directions of view. CIE reports on the lighting of the various kinds of floodlighting application fields give guidance in this respect [2, 3, 4]. Before a glare evaluation concept can be employed as a practical aid in lighting design, it is necessary to agree on standard observer positions and viewing directions. Standard positions and directions will be specified with the intention of getting information on both the highest degree of glare and on the size of the area with a relatively high degree of glare. For the main categories of outdoor area lighting installations, general glare restriction limits will be specified.

CIE 112-1994 history

• 1994 CIE 112-1994 Glare Evaluation System for Use Within Outdoor Sports and Area Lighting (E)