ISO 20854:2019
Thermal containers — Safety standard for refrigerating systems using flammable refrigerants — Requirements for design and operation

Standard No.

ISO 20854:2019

Release Date

2019

Published By

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Latest

ISO 20854:2019

Scope

This document describes the design of the mechanical refrigeration unit (MRU) and operation of container refrigerating systems in all anticipated operational modes and locations. It describes the industry's best practices for the safe operation of flammable refrigerants in refrigerating systems used in thermal freight containers operated on board ships, in terminals, on road, on rail and on land. This document addresses the use of flammable refrigerants with classifications defined in ISO 817, defined as 2L, 2 and 3, except R717 (Ammonia). This document describes an operational mode risk assessment (OMRA) which uses methods such as HAZOP (Hazard and operability analysis), FMEA (Failure mode and effects analysis), or FTA (Fault tree analysis) or combination of methods. This document specifies requirements for the validation and consideration of possible safety concepts and protective devices within the OMRA process, including charge release tests, simulation, and function tests of the associated protective equipment. It defines test requirements for shock, impact, and vibration. A validation procedure is given to demonstrate that risks from hazardous events are investigated and their severity and frequency are meaningfully reduced, with the aim of achieving tolerable risk values. The obligations of the manufacturer, the container owner as well as the responsible operator are described, as well as how stakeholders can investigate and mitigate risks associated with the use of flammable refrigerants. Finally, this document describes the requirements of service and maintenance when working with flammable refrigerants. This document is restricted to refrigerating systems integrated with or mounted on ISO thermal containers according to ISO 1496-2. It provides minimum requirements for reducing the risk associated with the use of flammable refrigerants. The scope is limited to container refrigerating systems operated in conjunction with the carriage of refrigerated cargo as operating reefer (OR) or when used as a non-operating reefer (NOR) or when empty for positioning — while in intermodal transit. Static land-based continuous operations are excluded.

ISO 20854:2019 Referenced Document

• EN 1127-1 Explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection - Part 1: Basic concepts and methodology
• EN 14624 Performance of portable leak detectors and of room monitors for halogenated refrigerants
• IEC 60068-2-6 Environmental testing - Part 2-6: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
• IEC 60079-10-1 
• ISO 14903 Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Qualification of tightness of components and joints — Amendment 1*， 2023-05-01 Update
• ISO 1496-2 Series 1 freight containers — Specification and testing — Part 4: Non-pressurized containers for dry bulk — Amendment 1: 1AAA and 1BBB containers
• ISO 817 Refrigerants — Designation and safety classification AMENDMENT 1

ISO 20854:2019 history

• 2019 ISO 20854:2019 Thermal containers — Safety standard for refrigerating systems using flammable refrigerants — Requirements for design and operation