ASTM E94/E94M-17
Standard Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Environmental Fate

Standard No.

ASTM E94/E94M-17

Release Date

2017

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Status

Be replaced

Replace By

ASTM E94/E94M-22

Latest

ASTM E94/E94M-22

Scope

1.1 This guide2 covers satisfactory X-ray and gamma-ray radiographic examination as applied to industrial radiographic film recording. It includes statements about preferred practice without discussing the technical background which justifies the preference. A bibliography of several textbooks and standard documents of other societies is included for additional information on the subject. 1.2 This guide covers types of materials to be examined; radiographic examination techniques and production methods; radiographic film selection, processing, viewing, and storage; maintenance of inspection records; and a list of available reference radiograph documents. NOTE 1—Further information is contained in Guide E999, Practice E1025, Test Methods E1030, and E1032. 1.3 The use of digital radiography has expanded and follows many of the same general principles of film based radiography but with many important differences. The user is referred to standards for digital radiography [E2597, E2698, E2736, and E2737 for digital detector array (DDA) radiography and E2007, E2033, E2445/E2445M, and E2446 for computed radiography(CR)] if considering the use of digital radiography. 1.4 Interpretation and Acceptance Standards— Interpretation and acceptance standards are not covered by this guide, beyond listing the available reference radiograph documents for castings and welds. Designation of accept reject standards is recognized to be within the cognizance of product specifications and generally a matter of contractual agreement between producer and purchaser. 1.5 Safety Practices—Problems of personnel protection against X rays and gamma rays are not covered by this document. For information on this important aspect of radiography, reference should be made to the current document of the National Committee on Radiation Protection and Measurement, Federal Register, U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration, National Bureau of Standards, and to state and local regulations, if such exist. For specific radiation safety information refer to NIST Handbook ANSI 43.3, 21 CFR 1020.40, and 29 CFR 1910.1096 or state regulations for agreement states. 1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inchpound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system should be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.7 If an NDT agency is used, the agency should be qualified in accordance with Specification E543. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See 1.5.) 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM E94/E94M-17 Referenced Document

• ASTM E1000 Standard Guide for Radioscopy
• ASTM E1025 Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for Radiology
• ASTM E1030 Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings
• ASTM E1032 Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Weldments
• ASTM E1079 Standard Practice for Calibration of Transmission Densitometers
• ASTM E1254 Standard Guide for Storage of Radiographs and Unexposed Industrial Radiographic Films
• ASTM E1316 Standard Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
• ASTM E1390 Standard Guide for Illuminators Used for Viewing Industrial Radiographs
• ASTM E1735 Standard Test Method for Determining Relative Image Quality of Industrial Radiographic Film Exposed to X-Radiation from 4 to 25 MV
• ASTM E1742 Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination
• ASTM E1815 Standard Test Method for Classification of Film Systems for Industrial Radiography
• ASTM E1817 Standard Practice for Controlling Quality of Radiological Examination by Using Representative Quality Indicators (RQIs)
• ASTM E2007 Standard Guide for Computed Radiography
• ASTM E2033 Standard Practice for Computed Radiology (Photostimulable Luminescence Method)
• ASTM E2445/E2445M Standard Practice for Performance Evaluation and Long-Term Stability of Computed Radiography Systems
• ASTM E2446 Standard Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Computed Radiography Systems
• ASTM E2597 Standard Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digital Detector Arrays
• ASTM E2698 Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination Using Digital Detector Arrays
• ASTM E2736 Standard Guide for Digital Detector Array Radiography
• ASTM E2737 Standard Practice for Digital Detector Array Performance Evaluation and Long-Term Stability
• ASTM E543 Standard Practice for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
• ASTM E746 Standard Test Method for Determining Relative Image Quality Response of Industrial Radiographic Film
• ASTM E747 Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for Radiology
• ASTM E801 Standard Practice for Controlling Quality of Radiological Examination of Electronic Devices
• ASTM E999 Standard Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Radiographic Film Processing
• ISO 18917 Photography - Determination of residual thiosulfate and other related chemicals in processed photographic materials - Methods using iodine-amylose, methylene blue and silver sulfide

ASTM E94/E94M-17 history

• 2022 ASTM E94/E94M-22 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination Using Industrial Radiographic Film
• 2017 ASTM E94/E94M-17 Standard Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Environmental Fate
• 2004 ASTM E94-04(2010) Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination
• 2004 ASTM E94-04 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination
• 2000 ASTM E94-00 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination