This document stipulates the testing principles, testing methods, testing personnel qualifications, testing equipment and equipment, testing implementation, as well as comparison samples, evaluation of testing results, testing records and testing reports, etc. for cold-drawn round steel surface ultrasonic testing. This document is suitable for ultrasonic testing of longitudinal discontinuities on the surface and near-surface of cold-drawn round steel with a diameter of 6mm~80mm. Ultrasonic testing of other round bars processed into silvery surfaces after hot rolling can also be performed with reference to this document.