ASTM E3294-22
Standard Guide for Forensic Analysis of Geological Materials by Powder X-Ray Diffraction
- Standard No.
- ASTM E3294-22
- Release Date
- 2022
- Published By
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- Status
- Replace By
- ASTM E3294-23
- Latest
- ASTM E3294-23
- Scope
- 1.1 This guide covers techniques and procedures for the use of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) in the forensic analysis of geological materials (to include soils, rocks, sediments, and materials derived from them such as concrete), to enable non-consumptive identification of solid crystalline materials present as single components or multi-component mixtures. 1.2 This guide makes recommendations for the preparation of geological materials for powder XRD analysis with adaptations for samples of limited quantity, instrumental configuration to generate high-quality XRD data, identification of crystalline materials by comparison to published diffraction data, and forensic comparison of XRD patterns from two or more samples of geological materials to support criminal investigations. 1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Other units are avoided, in general, but there is a long-standing tradition of expressing X-ray wavelengths and lattice spacing in units of Ångströms (Å). One Ångström = 10–10 meter (m) = 0.1 nanometer (nm). 1.4 This standard is intended for use by competent forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education, discipline-specific training (see Practice E2917), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic casework. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM E3294-22 Referenced Document
- ASTM C1365 Standard Test Method for Determination of the Proportion of Phases in Portland Cement and Portland-Cement Clinker Using X-Ray Powder Diffraction Analysis
- ASTM D934 Standard Practices for Identification of Crystalline Compounds in Water-Formed Deposits By X-Ray Diffraction
- ASTM E1492 Standard Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
- ASTM E2917 Standard Practice for Forensic Science Practitioner Training, Continuing Education, and Professional Development Programs*， 2024-02-01 Update
- ASTM E3272 Standard Guide for Collection of Soils and Other Geological Evidence for Criminal Forensic Applications*， 2023-09-01 Update
- ASTM E620 Standard Practice for Reporting Opinions of Technical Experts
ASTM E3294-22 history
- 2023 ASTM E3294-23 Standard Guide for Forensic Analysis of Geological Materials by Powder X-Ray Diffraction
- 2022 ASTM E3294-22 Standard Guide for Forensic Analysis of Geological Materials by Powder X-Ray Diffraction
