ASTM D202-23
Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation

Standard No.

ASTM D202-23

Release Date

2023

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Latest

ASTM D202-23

Scope

1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing untreated paper to be used as an electrical insulator or as a constituent of a composite material used for electrical insulating purposes. 1.1.1 Untreated papers are thin, fibrous sheets normally laid down from a water suspension of pulped fibers (usually cellulosic) with or without various amounts of nonfibrous ingredients, and which are calendared, if required, to obtain desired thickness and density. Nevertheless, these test methods are applicable, generally although not invariably, to papers formed by other means, to papers modified (during or after formation) by additions, and to papers given subsequent mechanical treatments such as creping. 1.1.2 As an electrical insulating and dielectric material, paper is considered “untreated” until it is subjected to a manufacturing process such as drying, impregnation, or varnish treatment. 1.1.3 The test methods given herein were developed specifically for papers having a thickness of 0.75 mm (0.030 in.) or less. A number of these test methods are also suitable for use on other materials such as pulps or boards. Refer to Test Methods D3376 or D3394 to determine which tests are applicable to pulps or electrical insulating boards. In the paper industry, some products in thicknesses of less than 0.75 mm are termed “paperboard”. Such products are included within the scope of these methods. 1.1.4 These test methods are applicable to flexible fibrousmat materials formed from suspensions of fiber in fluids other than water. Thicknesses of these mats approach 2 mm, and the fibers contained are possibly natural, synthetic, organic, or inorganic; fillers that are natural, synthetic, organic, or inorganic; and flexible polymeric binder materials. 1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections: Procedure Sections ASTM or TAPPI Reference (Modified) Absorption (Rise of Water) 78 to 83 . . . Acidity-Alkalinity-pH 45 to 54 E70 Air Resistance 98 to 101 D726 Aqueous Extract Conductivity 55 to 64 . . . Ash Content 40 to 44 D586 Bursting Strength 102 to 107 D774/D774M Chlorides (Water-Extractable) 165 to 183 . . . Conditioning 15 D6054 Conducting Paths 138 to 151 . . . Density, Apparent 29 to 33 . . . Dielectric Strength 152 to 157 D149 Dimensions of Sheet, Rolls and Cores 16 to 24 D374 Dissipation Factor and Permittivity 158 to 164 D150 Edge-Tearing Resistance 126 to 130 D827 Fiber Analysis 74 to 77 D1030 Folding Endurance 108 to 110 T 423 and D2176 Grammage 25 to 28 D646 Permittivity 158 to 164 D150 Heat Stability in Air 131 to 137 D827 Impregnation Time 84 to 91 . . . Internal-Tearing Resistance 121 to 125 D689 or T 414 Moisture Content 34 to 39 D644 and D3277 Particulate Copper 193 to 202 . . . Particulate Iron 184 to 192 . . . Reagents 4 D1193 Reports 14 E29 Sampling 6 to 13 D3636 Silver Tarnishing by Paper and Paperboard 203 to 206 T 444 Solvent-Soluble Matter 65 to 73 . . . Surface Friction 92 to 97 D528 and T 455 Tensile Properties 111 to 120 D76, E4 Thickness (see Dimensions) 16 to 24 D374 1.3 The tests for Holes and Felt Hair Inclusions and the Stain Test for Fine Pores, have been removed from this compilation of test methods. These test methods were specific to grades of capacitor paper formerly covered by Specification D1930, which has been withdrawn. NOTE 1—This compilation of test methods is closely related to IEC Publication 60554-2. Not all of the individual methods included herein are included in IEC 60554-2, nor are all of the methods in IEC 60554-2 included in this standard. The individual procedures as described in the two standards are in general sufficiently close to each other that it is reasonable to expect that test results obtained by most of the procedures specified in either standard will not differ significantly. However, before assuming that a procedure in these test methods is exactly equivalent to an IEC 60554-2 procedure, the written procedures must be compared closely, and if it seems advisable, test results by the two procedures are compared. 1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Products. Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally approved in 1924. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D202 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D0202-23. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 43.2.1, 71.1, 143.1, 148.1 and 156.1 for specific hazards. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D202-23 Referenced Document

• ASTM D1030 Standard Test Method for Fiber Analysis of Paper and Paperboard
• ASTM D1193 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
• ASTM D1389 Standard Test Method for Proof-Voltage Testing of Thin Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
• ASTM D149 Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies
• ASTM D150 Standard Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
• ASTM D1711 Standard Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
• ASTM D2176 Standard Test Method for Folding Endurance of Paper by the M.I.T. Tester
• ASTM D2413 Standard Practice for Preparation of Insulating Paper and Board Impregnated with a Liquid Dielectric
• ASTM D2865 Standard Practice for Calibration of Standards and Equipment for Electrical Insulating Materials Testing
• ASTM D3277 Standard Test Methods for Moisture Content of Oil-Impregnated Cellulosic Insulation
• ASTM D3376 Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Pulps to be Used in the Manufacture of Electrical Insulation
• ASTM D3394 Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Electrical Insulating Board
• ASTM D3636 Standard Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
• ASTM D374 Standard Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation
• ASTM D528 Standard Test Method for Machine Direction of Paper and Paperboard
• ASTM D586 Standard Test Method for Ash in Pulp, Paper, and Paper Products
• ASTM D6054 Standard Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Materials for Testing
• ASTM D644 Standard Test Method for Moisture Content of Paper and Paperboard by Oven Drying
• ASTM D646 Standard Test Method for Grammage of Paper and Paperboard (Mass Per Unit Area)
• ASTM D689 Standard Test Method for Internal Tearing Resistance of Paper
• ASTM D726 Standard Test Method for Resistance of Nonporous Paper to Passage of Air
• ASTM D76 Standard Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
• ASTM D774/D774M Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper
• ASTM D827 
• ASTM E29 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
• ASTM E4 Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
• ASTM E70 Standard Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode

ASTM D202-23 history

• 2023 ASTM D202-23 Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
• 2017 ASTM D202-17 Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
• 2008 ASTM D202-08 Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
• 1997 ASTM D202-97(2002)e1 Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
• 1997 ASTM D202-97 Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated Paper Used for Electrical Insulation