ASTM D5312/D5312M-21
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Freezing and Thawing Conditions

Standard No.

ASTM D5312/D5312M-21

Release Date

2021

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Latest

ASTM D5312/D5312M-21

Scope

1.1 This test method covers the procedures for evaluating the durability of rock for erosion control by evaluating the performance of slabs of rock when exposed to freezing and thawing conditions. This weathering test exposes the rock to freezing and thawing cycles similar to natural weather conditions. The rock slabs, prepared in accordance with procedures in Practice D5121, are intended to be representative of erosion control rock and its weaknesses. The test is appropriate for breakwater stone, armor stone, riprap, and gabion sized rock materials. 1.2 The limitations of the test are twofold. 1.2.1 First, the size of the cut rock slab specimens may eliminate some of the internal defects present in the rock structure. The test specimens may not be representative of the quality of the larger rock samples used in construction. Careful examination of the rock source and proper sampling are essential in minimizing this limitation. 1.2.2 Second, the test requires the rock slabs to be exposed to up to 55 freezing-thawing cycles. The test is time intensive and the entire procedure including sample preparation, testing, and analysis may require in excess of two months if automated freezing-thawing equipment is available and in excess of 5 months if the manual method is used. This limitation makes this test most useful as an initial source approval type test and may limit its practical usefulness as a more frequent quality control test during construction. 1.3 The use of reclaimed concrete and other such materials is beyond the scope of this test method. 1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inchpound units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The slug unit is not given unless dynamic (F=ma) calculations are involved. 1.4.2 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This practice implicitly combines two separate systems of units; the absolute and the gravitational systems. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. As stated, this standard includes the gravitational system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the slug unit of mass. However, the use of balances and scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) or recording density in lbm/ft 3 shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. 1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this test method. 1.5.1 For purposes of comparing measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits. 1.5.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/ recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.17 on Rock for Erosion Control. Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5312/D5312M – 12 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/D5312_D5312M-21. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D5312/D5312M-21 Referenced Document

• ASTM D2216 Standard Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
• ASTM D3740 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
• ASTM D4753 Standard Specification for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Scales for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction Materials Testing
• ASTM D4992 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
• ASTM D5121 Standard Practice for Preparation of Rock Slabs for Durability Testing
• ASTM D6026 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
• ASTM D653 Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
• ASTM E145 Standard Specification for Gravity-Convection And Forced-Ventilation Ovens

ASTM D5312/D5312M-21 history

• 2021 ASTM D5312/D5312M-21 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Freezing and Thawing Conditions
• 2013 ASTM D5312/D5312M-12(2013) Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Freezing and Thawing Conditions
• 2012 ASTM D5312/D5312M-12 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Freezing and Thawing Conditions
• 2004 ASTM D5312-04 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Freezing and Thawing Conditions
• 1992 ASTM D5312-92(1997) Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Durability of Rock for Erosion Control Under Freezing and Thawing Conditions