ASTM E1563-21a
Standard Guide for Conducting Short-Term Chronic Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos

Standard No.

ASTM E1563-21a

Release Date

2021

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Latest

ASTM E1563-21a

Scope

1.1 This guide covers procedures for obtaining laboratory data concerning the short-term chronic effects of a test material on echinoderm embryos and the resulting larvae (sea urchins and sand dollars) during static 48to 96-h exposures. These procedures have generally been used with U.S. East Coast (Arbacia punctulata and Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis ) (1)3 and West Coast species (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, S. droebachiensis, and Dendraster excentricus) (2). The basic procedures described in this guide first originated in Japan and Scandanavia (3), and parallel procedures have been used with foreign species, especially in Japan and the Mediterranean (4). These procedures will probably be useful for conducting static toxicity tests with embryos of other echinoid species, although modifications might be necessary. 1.2 Other modifications of these procedures might be justified by special needs or circumstances. Although using procedures appropriate to a particular species or special needs and circumstances is more important than following prescribed procedures, the results of tests conducted by using unusual procedures are not likely to be comparable with those of many other tests. The comparison of results obtained by using modified and unmodified versions of these procedures might provide useful information concerning new concepts and procedures for conducting tests starting with embryos of echinoids. 1.3 These procedures are applicable to most chemicals, either individually or in formulations, commercial products, or known mixtures. With appropriate modifications, these procedures can be used to conduct tests on temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH and on such materials as aqueous effluents (see also Guide E1192), leachates, oils, particulate matter, surface waters, effluents, and sediments (Annex A1). Renewal tests might be preferable to static tests for materials that have a high oxygen demand, are highly volatile, are rapidly transformed biologically or chemically in aqueous solution, or are removed from test solutions in substantial quantities by the test chambers or organisms during the test. 1.4 Results of short-term chronic toxicity tests with echinoid embryos should usually be reported as the 50 % effect concentration (EC50) based on the total abnormally developed embryos and larvae. In some situations, it might only be necessary to determine whether a specific concentration is toxic to embryos or whether the EC50 is above or below a specific concentration. 1.5 This guide is arranged as follows: Section Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Guide 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Facilities 6.1 Construction Materials 6.2 Test Chambers 6.3 Cleaning 6.4 Acceptability 6.5 Safety Precautions 7 Dilution Water 8 Requirements 8.1 Source 8.2 Treatment 8.3 Characterization 8.4 Test Material 9 General 9.1 Stock Solution 9.2 Test Concentration(s) 9.3 Test Organisms 10 Species 10.1 Age 10.2 Source of Embryos 10.3 Handling 10.4 Test Animal Source and Condition 10.5 Spawning and Fertilization 10.6 Quality 10.7 Procedure 11 Experimental Design 11.1 Dissolved Oxygen 11.2 1 A Standard Guide is a document, developed using the consensus mechanisms of ASTM that provides guidance for the selection of procedures to accomplish a specific test, but which does not stipulate specific procedures. 2 This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E50.47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate. Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published January 2022. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as E1563 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/E1563-21A. 3 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 Temperature 11.3 Beginning the Test 11.4 Feeding 11.5 Duration of Test 11.6 Biological Data 11.7 Control Performance 11.8 Other Measurements 11.9 Analytical Methods 12 Acceptability of Test 13 Calculation of Results 14 Report 15 Keywords 16 Annex Sediment Tests Annex A1 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM E1563-21a Referenced Document

• ASTM E1023 Standard Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses
• ASTM E1192 Standard Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Aqueous Ambient Samples and Effluents with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
• ASTM E1367 Standard Guide for Conducting 10-day Static Sediment Toxicity Tests with Marine and Estuarine Amphipods
• ASTM E1391 Standard Guide for Collection, Storage, Characterization, and Manipulation of Sediments for Toxicological Testing
• ASTM E1525 Standard Guide for Designing Biological Tests with Sediments
• ASTM E1706 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Toxicity of Sediment-Associated Contaminants with Freshwater Invertebrates
• ASTM E1733 Standard Guide for Use of Lighting in Laboratory Testing
• ASTM E380 Standard Practice for Use of the Internation System of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
• ASTM E724 Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests Starting with Embryos of Four Species of Saltwater Bivalve Molluscs
• ASTM E729 Standard Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Test Materials with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
• ASTM E943 Standard Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Environmental Fate*， 2023-06-01 Update

ASTM E1563-21a history

• 2021 ASTM E1563-21a Standard Guide for Conducting Short-Term Chronic Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
• 2021 ASTM E1563-21 Standard Guide for Conducting Short-Term Chronic Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
• 1998 ASTM E1563-98(2012) Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
• 1998 ASTM E1563-98(2004)e1 Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
• 2004 ASTM E1563-98(2004) Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos
• 1998 ASTM E1563-98 Standard Guide for Conducting Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Echinoid Embryos