1.1 This guide covers and provides guidance for the material recovery of scrap tires for their fuel value. The conversion of a whole scrap tire into a chipped formed for use as a fuel produces a product called tire-derived fuel (TDF). This recovery guide has moved from a pioneering concept in the early 1980s to a proven and continuous use in the United States with industrial and utility applications.
1.2 Combustion units engineered to use solid fuels, such as coal or wood, or both, are fairly numerous throughout the U.S. Many of these units are now using TDF even though they were not specifically designed to burn TDF. It is clear that TDF has combustion characteristics similar to other carbon-based solid fuels. Similarities led to pragmatic testing in existing combustion units. Successful testing led to subsequent acceptance of TDF as a supplemental fuel when blended with conventional fuels in existing combustion devices. Changes required to modify appropriate existing combustion units to accommodate TDF range from none to relatively minor. The issues of proper applications and specifications are critical to successful utilization of this alternative energy resource.
1.3 This guide explains TDF’s use when blended and combusted under normal operating conditions with originally specified fuels. Whole-tire combustion for energy recovery is not discussed herein, since whole-tire usage does not require tire processing to a defined fuel specification.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D6700-19 Referenced Document
ASTM D2013/D2013M Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis*, 2021-10-01 Update
ASTM D2361 Standard Test Method for Chlorine in Coal
ASTM D2795 Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Coal and Coke Ash
ASTM D3172 Standard Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke
ASTM D3173/D3173M Standard Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
ASTM D3174 Standard Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
ASTM D3175 Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
ASTM D3176 Standard Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
ASTM D3177 Standard Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
ASTM D3178 Standard Test Methods for Carbon and Hydrogen in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
ASTM D3179 Standard Test Methods for Nitrogen in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
ASTM D3682 Standard Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes by Atomic Spectrometry*, 2021-12-01 Update
ASTM D4239 Standard Test Methods for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion Methods
ASTM D4326 Standard Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in Coal and Coke Ash By X-Ray Fluorescence
ASTM D4749 Standard Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of Coal and Designating Coal Size
ASTM D5468 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific and Ash Value of Waste Materials
ASTM D5681 Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
ASTM D5865 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
ASTM E873 Standard Test Method for Bulk Density of Densified Particulate Biomass Fuels*, 2019-04-01 Update
ASTM F538 Standard Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
ASTM D6700-19 history
2019ASTM D6700-19 Standard Guide for Use of Scrap Tires as Tire-Derived Fuel
2001ASTM D6700-01(2013) Standard Practice for Use of Scrap Tire-Derived Fuel
2001ASTM D6700-01(2006) Standard Practice for Use of Scrap Tire-Derived Fuel
2001ASTM D6700-01 Standard Practice for Use of Scrap Tire-Derived Fuel