ISO 23071:2021 PDF

Scope: This document describes methods for the determination of mineralogical phases often present as additives or reaction products in carbon containing or graphitic refractory products by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) using a Bragg-Brentano diffractometer. It includes details of sample preparation and general principles for qualitative and quantitative analysis of mineralogical phase composition. Quantitative determination of α-Si3N4, β-Si3N4, AlN, aluminium metal, Al4C3, silicon metal, boron carbide and BN are described. The problems encountered with some determinations are highlighted. Additional reduced species present in some refractories could include Al2O3⋅AlN solid solutions (so called Alons), Si3N4⋅SiO2 solid solutions and Si3N4⋅Al2O3 solid solutions (Sialons). The presence of some of these solid solution components will cause problems with both identification and quantification as they are not well-defined structures. NOTE For rationalisation of nitrogen containing phases, the total nitrogen content, analysed in accordance with EN 12698-1 is used.

ISO 23071:2021 Referenced Document

EN 13925-1 Non-destructive testing - X-ray diffraction from polycrystalline and amorphous materials - Part 1: General principles
ISO 10081-1 Classification of dense shaped refractory products - Part 1: Alumina-silica
ISO 10081-2 Classification of dense shaped refractory products - Part 2: Basic products containing less than 7 % residual carbon; Technical Corrigendum 1
ISO 10081-3 Classification of dense shaped refractory products - Part 3: Basic products containing from 7 % to 50 % residual carbon
ISO 10081-4 Classification of dense shaped refractory products - Part 4: Special products
ISO 5022 Shaped refractory products; Sampling and acceptance testing
ISO 836 Terminology for refractories
ISO 8656-1 Refractory products; sampling of raw materials and unshaped products; part 1: sampling scheme

2021 ISO 23071:2021 Refractory products — Determination of reduced species in carbon containing refractories by XRD

$Refractory products — Determination of reduced species in carbon containing refractories by XRD$