ASTM D1083-91(1998)
Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates

Standard No.

ASTM D1083-91(1998)

Release Date

1998

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Status

Withdraw 2001-01

Latest

ASTM D1083-91(1998)

Scope

1.1 These test methods are suitable for testing the integrity of large shipping cases and unitized loads as well as the ability of the contents to endure normal handling. Not all of the methods are applicable to all products, containers, and loads. The test methods described are applicable to common means of material handling including: forklift, pull pack, clamp truck, crane, and spade lift type handling systems as follows: 1.1.1 Drop Test—For measuring the ability of the case or unitized load to withstand rough handling and provide information useful in improving the design of the container (see 9.1.2 and 10.1). 1.1.2 Spade Lift Test—For lifting by spade lift attachment to determine the ability of the handling flap of the case or shipping unit to withstand repeated lifting and handling by this method (see 9.2). 1.1.3 Clamp Lift Test—For lifting by hydraulic clamp attachment, to determine the ability of the case or shipping unit, to withstand squeeze clamp handling consisting of repeated side compressions and lifting (see 9.3). 1.1.4 Push-Pull Handling Test—For testing the ability of the slip sheet tab to withstand repeated pulls by the gripper jaws without tearing (see 9.4). 1.1.5 Grabhook Test—For lifting by grabhooks to determine the ability of the case or unitized load to withstand the horizontal pressures of grabhooks (see 10.2). 1.1.6 Sling Test—For lifting by wire rope, cable, or woven fiber slings to determine the ability of the case or unitized load to withstand the compression of slings (see 10.3). 1.1.7 Tip Test—For determining the ability of tall or top heavy cases or crates to resist tipping over (see Section 11). 1.1.8 Tipover Test—For determining the ability of filled large shipping containers to resist the impacts associated with tipover hazards, and for determining the ability of the packaging and packing methods to provide protection to the contents, when the pack is tipped over (see Section 12). NOTE 1—This test method fulfills the requirements of International Organization for Standardization standard ISO 8768. The ISO standard may not meet the requirements for this test method. 1.1.9 Rolling Test—For determining the ability of a complete, filled transport package to withstand the effects of rolling (see Section 13). NOTE 2—This test method fulfills the requirements of International Organization for Standardization standard ISO 2876. The ISO standard may not meet the requirements for this test method. 1.2 Additional Test Procedures: 1.2.1 Additional tests that apply to mechanical handling of unitized loads and large cases and crates include incline impact tests, described in Test Method D 880 and horizontal impact tests, described in Test Method D 4003. Test Method D 4003 includes a special pallet marshalling test and Test Method D 1185 provides test methods for pallets and related structures. 1.2.2 Test Method D 4169 provides a series of options for selecting and running performance tests on all types of shipping containers and systems. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ASTM D1083-91(1998) Referenced Document

• ASTM D1185 Standard Test Methods for Pallets and Related Structures Employed in Materials Handling and Shipping*， 1998-04-20 Update
• ASTM D3332 Standard Test Methods for Mechanical-Shock Fragility of Products, Using Shock Machines*， 2023-10-01 Update
• ASTM D4003 Standard Test Methods for Programmable Horizontal Impact Test for Shipping Containers and Systems*， 2019-08-01 Update
• ASTM D4169 Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems*， 2001-10-10 Update
• ASTM D4332 Standard Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing*， 1999-04-20 Update
• ASTM D775 Nuclear Surface Moisture and Density Meter Calibration Standard Guide
• ASTM D880 Standard Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Containers and Systems*， 2021-10-01 Update
• ASTM D996 Standard Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments*， 1999-04-20 Update
• ASTM E171 Standard Specification for Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Materials
• ISO 2876 Packaging; Complete, filled transport packages; Rolling test
• ISO 8768 Packaging — Complete, filled transport packages — Toppling test

ASTM D1083-91(1998) history

• 1998 ASTM D1083-91(1998) Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Handling of Unitized Loads and Large Shipping Cases and Crates