ISO/ASTM 52933:2024
Additive manufacturing
- Standard No.
- ISO/ASTM 52933:2024
- Release Date
- 2024
- Published By
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO) IX / ISO
- Latest
- ISO/ASTM 52933:2024
- Introduction
Interpretation of the core content of the standard
ISO/ASTM 52933:2024 establishes for the first time a systematic testing framework for the emission of hazardous substances from material extrusion 3D printers in non-industrial environments such as educational institutions and public places. The standard focuses on three major categories of hazardous substances:
Type of hazardous substance Detection range Key influencing factors Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) C6-C16 carbon chain compounds Nozzle temperature, material type, ventilation conditions Aldehyde compounds Formaldehyde and other carbonyl substances Bed temperature setting, ambient humidity Ultrafine particles (UFP) ≤100nm particle size Filling density, nozzle diameter
Analysis of Technical Innovations
This standard proposes a breakthrough three-stage sampling strategy:
- Preheating stage: forced ventilation for 60 minutes to remove residual substances
- Operation stage: active sampling/real-time monitoring in a closed environment
- Post-processing stage: continuous particle tracking for 30 minutes
Typical application case
An educational institution used Tenax TA adsorption tubes with a dual pump system (80ml/min and 50ml/min in parallel) and successfully detected that ABS materials produced 562μg/m³ styrene emissions at a printing temperature of 240°C. The concentration was reduced by 82% by adding a HEPA filtration system.
Implementation Recommendations
Appendix A/B of the standard provides a risk control matrix:
- Equipment selection: Prioritize closed frame design
- Material management: The UFP emission of PLA material is only 1/10 of that of ABS
- Environmental control: Maintain a ventilation rate of ≥4 times/hour
Control measures VOCs reduction rate UFP reduction rate Local exhaust system 45-60% 70-85% Activated carbon filtration 60-75% 15-30% Temperature control optimization 20-35% 40-55%
ISO/ASTM 52933:2024 Referenced Document
- ISO 16000-2 Indoor air - Part 2: Sampling strategy for formaldehyde
- ISO 16000-3 Indoor air — Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor and test chamber air — Active sampling method
- ISO 16000-4 Indoor air - Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde - Diffusive sampling method
- ISO 16000-5 Indoor air - Part 5: Sampling strategy for volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
- ISO 16000-6 Indoor air — Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS or MS-FID
- ISO 16017-1 Indoor, ambiant and workplace air - Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography - Part 1: Pumped sampling
- ISO 16017-2 Indoor, ambient and workplace air - Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography - Part 2: Diffusive sampling
- ISO 16200-1 Workplace air quality - Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by solvent desorption/gas chromatography - Part 1: Pumped sampling method
- ISO 16200-2 Workplace air quality - Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds by solvent desorption/gas chromatography - Part 2: Diffusive sampling method
- ISO 28439 Workplace atmospheres - Characterization of ultrafine aerosols/nanoaerosols - Determination of the size distribution and number concentration using differential electrical mobility analysing systems
- ISO/ASTM 52900 Additive manufacturing — General principles — Fundamentals and vocabulary
- ISO/TR 27628 Workplace atmospheres - Ultrafine, nanoparticle and nano-structured aerosols - Inhalation exposure characterization and assessment
ISO/ASTM 52933:2024 history
- 2024 ISO/ASTM 52933:2024 Additive manufacturing
