ASTM D2688-23
Standard Test Method for Determination of Corrosion Rate in a Water System in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Method)
- Standard No.
- ASTM D2688-23
- Release Date
- 2024
- Published By
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) US / ASTM
- Latest
- ASTM D2688-23
- Introduction
Analysis of the core content of the standard
ASTM D2688-23 specifies the technical requirements for determining the corrosion rate of water systems by the corrosion coupon weight loss method. The main updates of the latest version (2023) include:
Technical elements D2688-15 D2688-23 Standard name Test for corrosivity of water under non-heat transfer conditions Determination of corrosion rate of water system Requirements for coupon preparation Basic machining specifications Additional description of the effects of cold working Test accuracy control Routine balance calibration Addition of repeated cleaning validation process
Key Technical Implementation Points
1. Test Device Configuration
The standard requires the use of a bypass test stand, the core components of which include:
- Material Selection: Schedule 80 PVC or CPVC pipes are recommended
- Flow Rate Control: Maintain a stable flow rate of 0.4-1.8 m/s (1.5-6 ft/s)
- Installation Direction: Horizontal pipes require lateral openings, while vertical pipes can be opened in any orientation
2. Corrosion Coupon Treatment
Chapter 13 of the standard details the preparation process for metal test coupons:
Typical case: A power plant cooling water system used 76×13×1.6mm (3×0.5×0.0625 inches) low-carbon steel coupons. After sandblasting, the base corrosion rate was measured to be 0.12 mm/yr. After adding corrosion inhibitors, the rate dropped to 0.03 mm/yr.
Corrosion rate calculation model
The standard provides two calculation methods:
- Average corrosion rate:
CR = (8.76×104 × W)/(a × t × d)
Where W is weight loss (g), a is exposure area (cm2), t is time (hours), and d is material density (g/cm3) - Pitting rate:
PR = maximum pitting depth (mm) × 365 / exposure days
Industrial application recommendations
1. Test plan design
It is recommended to adopt a two-stage test method:
- Initial stage (4-7 days): monitor the passivation process
- Steady-state stage (1-3 months): determine the long-term corrosion rate
2. Error Control Measures
According to Chapter 18 of the standard:
- Use an analytical balance (accuracy ≥ 0.1mg)
- Control the area measurement error within ±1%
- Use the repeated cleaning method to eliminate the influence of residual corrosion products
Background of Standard Development
This standard was originally published in 1969 and has been revised six times. The 2023 edition mainly responds to the requirements of the international standard ISO 8044:2020 "Corrosion of Metals and Alloys", and strengthens:
- Standardized description of test equipment
- Galvanic corrosion control requirements
- Data statistical processing methods (refer to ASTM G16)
ASTM D2688-23 Referenced Document
- ASTM D1129 Standard Terminology Relating to Water
- ASTM D2331 Standard Practices for Preparation and Preliminary Testing of Water-Formed Deposits
- ASTM D2777 Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Methods of Committee D-19 on Water
- ASTM G1 Standard Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens
- ASTM G16 Standard Guide for Applying Statistics to Analysis of Corrosion Data
- ASTM G31 Standard Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals
ASTM D2688-23 history
- 2024 ASTM D2688-23 Standard Test Method for Determination of Corrosion Rate in a Water System in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Method)
- 2015 ASTM D2688-15e1 Standard Test Method for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Method)
- 2015 ASTM D2688-15 Standard Test Method for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Method)
- 2011 ASTM D2688-11 Standard Test Method for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Method)
- 2005 ASTM D2688-05 Standard Test Methods for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Methods)
- 1994 ASTM D2688-94(1999)e1 Standard Test Methods for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Methods)
Standard and Specification
ASTM D2688-05 Standard Test Methods for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Methods
ASTM D2688-11 Standard Test Method for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Method
ASTM D2688-15e1 Standard Test Method for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Method
ASTM D2688-15 Standard Test Method for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Method
HB 5257-1983 Weight loss determination of corrosion test results and removal of corrosion products
UNIT 108-1955 Loss testing by heating bituminous and petroleum products
ASTM D2688-94(1999)e1 Standard Test Methods for Corrosivity of Water in the Absence of Heat Transfer (Weight Loss Methods
IRAM 6582-1955 Asphalt heat loss determination method
HG 5-1604-1985 Determination method of ignition loss in fouling and corrosion products from industrial circulating cooling water